Wednesday, July 15, 2026

Seraphic Doctor

 Today is the feast of St. Bonaventure of Bagnoregio, Doctor of the Church. From his Breviloquium, Part V, Chapter 8:

The First Principle, being first, is supreme; being supreme, it is supremely good; being supremely good, it is supremely happy and supremely delighting; being supremely delightful, it is supremely to be enjoyed. Therefore, because it is to be supremely enjoyed, we must totally cling to it with love and rest in it as our final end. Now a right and ordered love, called charity, bears us principally to that good in whom it finds its enjoyment and repose. This good is itself our reason for loving. Thus it follows that charity loves that good above everything else as that which will make it happy, and as a consequence it loves all other things which through that good are also suited for happiness. Now, our neighbor was created to reach that happiness along with ourselves -- which includes our body as well, for it was made to share that happiness together with our spirit. That is the reason why charity has but four objects: God, our neighbor, our spirit, and our body.

[St. Bonaventure, Breviloquium, Monti, tr., The Franciscan Institute (St. Bonaventure, New York), p. 201.]

Monday, July 13, 2026

Ah, Here's to the Vine

 The 'Boozer's' Health
by William Milton Byram
 

Ah, here's to the vine
That bears the fair wine
That banishes trouble away!
Forever be thine
Good Bacchus thy wine 
That vanquishes sorrow today!
And a health to the corn
Which we need at morn
To drive the mean headache away! 

May thy glory shine
One friend of mine
With freedom's foes ever at bay!
Long life to the vine,
That bears the fair wine,
That vanquishes sorrow to-day!
And a health to the corn,
Which we need at morn,
To drive the mean headache away!

Sunday, July 12, 2026

Reflective Knowledge

 A reflection on the knowledge we have, that is, knowing that we know, so increases our knowledge that the new knowledge relates to the former in the way that more relates to less, or even the infinite to the finite. With reflective knowledge we rule and control direct knowledge as we will; only reflective knowledge brings direct knowledge under our free will. We would never have discovered the art of writing if we had not reflected on language. Numbers are an invention arising from reflection on the ideas of numbers. Algebraic letters are the result of a reflection on numbers. Analytical functions arose from a third reflection on algebraic letters. This is the real meaning of the apparent play on words: 'we know that we know that we know'! It is the simplest formula expressing the order of ideas, to which the Analytical Functions of Lagrange belong.

[Antonio Rosmini, Certainty, Cleary & Watson, trs., Rosmini House (Durham: 1991), p. 111n131.]

Friday, July 10, 2026

Dashed Off XIX

 To write poetry, you have to be willing to go down rabbit holes.

When we consent to things, we are often not only consenting on our own behalf, but on behalf of everyone else for certain aspects of that to which we consent.

The brain is a theater of rituals.

All sciences, as such, are beautiful.

Gn 3:12 as Marian prophecy

Christianity is the life of Christ made shareable.

Archeological attestation of Kings of Judea and Israel:
(1) Kurkh Monolith: Ahab (I)
(2) Mesha Steele: Omri (I)
(3) Tel Dan Steele: Ahaziah 'of the House of David' (I)
(4) Summary Inscription 7: Johahaz [Ahaz] (J)
(5) Black Obelisk: Jehus 'son of Omri' (I)
(6) Tell al-Rimah Steele: Johoash [Joash] (I)
(7) Shema Seal: Jeroboam II (I)
(8) Iran Steele: Menahem (I)
(9) Summary Inscription 4: Pekah & Hoshea (I)
(10) Jeconiah Rations Tablet: Jeconiah (J)
(11) Hezekiah Birka: Hezekiah 'son of Ahaz' (J)
(12) Esarhaddon Prism: Manasseh (J)

The power structure of David's Israel, as given in Scripture, seems to be:
(1) a general power base in Hebron and the tribe of Judah
(2) some support from the religion network centered at Shiloh
(3) possession of Jerusalem from defeat of Jebusites
(4) slow and incomplete religious centralization at Jerusalem
(5) (mostly) broadly friendly relations and support from Philistines and Gath
(6) some authority over Saul's power base, arising from defeat of Eshbaal (Ishbosheth)
(7) success at playing off surrounding powers in military squabbles.

Philosophers of science have repeatedly tried to make experimentalists second-class citizens in the republic of science.

mechanism as that which may be imitated in experimental design

construction in mathematics // experimentation in physics

Different kinds of probability (epistemic, etc.) depend on the teleologies being considered.

the transfer of polytheistic divine epithets to God by triplex via

The tribunal of conscience has authority to:
(1) authorize
(2) order in accordance with obligation
(3) prohibit from exceeding authority
(4) impose conditions
(5) review
(6) act in aid of its own jurisdiction.

Conscience is supreme in its own jurisdiction, but its jurisdiction is not a supreme jurisdiction. Conscience is a tribunal itself subject to judgment.

Measurement requires a causal system capable of reducing possibilities.

Large-scale charitable endeavor requires coordination with the local.

Magic and mystery are parts of everyone's history.

The recording ability of the state is not a machinery but a cooperation. Trying to treat it too much like a machinery always creates failures.

deontic presence (association with what is not-obligatory-not)

"Just as our Redeemer is one person with the congregation of the good, and so is head of the body and we the body of His head, so also the Ancient Enemy is one person with the whole collection of the reprobate since he as head excels them in iniquity while they are servants to his persuasions and cling to him as a body joined to a head." Gregory, Moralia 4.18

"Causal analysis is emphatically not just about data; in causal analysis we must incorporate some understanding of the process that produces the data, and then we get something that was not in the data to begin with." Judea Pearl

given that I know that X --> given that it is true that X --> given that X

Every solution is optimal according to some standard; what is important is the relevant and appropriate standard.

no'am: pleasantness, delightfulness, beauty, favor, grace
-- from na'am, to be pleasant/delightful/lovely
-- translated in LXX as charis
Ps 27:4 the beauty of the Lord
Ps 90:17 beauty/favor of the Lord
Pr 3:17 pleasant way
Pr 15:26 pleasant words
Pr 16:24 pleasant words
Zech 11:7,10 Favor/Beauty

Differences in understanding are handled by wisdom.

Law is part of the human panoply of survival; other animals have fang and claw and swift muscle, but we have law.

the intelligibility of the concept of reliability --> the truth-aptness of induction
(If anything is recognizable as possibly reliable, it can only be because of induction.)

murmurations of kindnesses

Obligation as such becomes available to prudence, and in prudence becomes more than obligation. It suggests preferabilities for what is permissible; it provides inspiration for new options; it connects to other obligations by symbol and by analogy.

Prudence transforms the acts and works of other habits, both interpretatively and by incorporating them into a greater plan.

'Democracy' is not the sort of thing that can be defended; what can be defended is the Demos, the People.

It is a common error in many modern societies to think that saying concrete things in abstract words makes it more important.

It is difficult to be moderate and consistent in political contexts.

Modern societies are often intentionally only instrumentally literate.

Despite popular presentations that put the emphasis on belief, the subjectivity of subjective Bayesianism should really be thought of as 'the probabilities can vary from case to case', with belief a figure of speech (and *sometimes* perhaps an example).

principiation, mediation, convergence

Arrogant complacency is death in politics.

Every manifold of modal states derives from a difference-maker.

History consistently indicates that Torah gives the Jewish people an advantage or, perhaps more strictly accurately, Jews following Torah create a community that is highly durable, highly flexible, and, within the constraints of broader causal context, tends toward what makes a community prosper.

Lk 23:43 // Dt 30:18

The Calvinist TULIP should be seen not merely as a list but as a progression: We begin in sin (Total Depravity), but God in grace has chosen us (Unconditional Election) and provided a remedy for those chosen (Limited Atonement), which is granted us not in a way dependent on our weak grasp but on God's mighty strength (Irresistible Grace), so that we have perfect security in Him (Perseverance of the Saints).

"There is no such thing as just being good or bad, there is only being a good or bad so-and-so." Geach

We are more interested in richness or harmonious diversity of pleasures than pleasure as such.

One of the evils of 'utility monsters' is that they are monotonous and boring.

Taxonomies of philosophical theories are inherently interesting.

Effective altruism consistently has difficulties with scale -- it is hard to scale up to both complex things and to many different things, and hard to scale down to fine-grained detail work.

Most people regard general welfare as an important goal but (correctly) recognize that it depends on getting a lot of other things right -- namely particular things in the vicinage that can then be a platform for more.

Very few things contribute more to general welfare than raising children well.

People generally have fewer problems with effective altruism than with the combinations of EA with utilitarianism.

Beneficence requires other virtues to set the stage for it.

Christans as "philosomaton genos" (Celsus)
as "spermologoi" (Acts 17:18)
(note that Luke's comment at v 21 could perhaps be ironic because of this)

Creeds are landmarks.

monuments as standing testimony

Science textbooks are the dissection of the remains of scientific inquiry.

In the Church, the martyrs continue to be witnesses.

The human body is intrinsically liturgical.

The obsolete is often simply what we have forgotten how to use.

To do great things and to do them only well is not something that happens in politics.

To reform successfully, you need to have clear lines of authority.

Two things are more successful than anything else at getting 'engagement': kitsch and provocation.

Tradition at a very small scale we call "studying"; tradition at a very large scale we call "civilization".

A civilized society studies its ways.

The sensible is always explained in terms of the merely intelligible.

The philosophy of nature of any given age is always a system of analogies.

'Spend less than you make' and 'make more than you spend' are different goals,e ven though the means are usually the same; the priorities will at times be different. Likewise with 'be wrong less than you are right' and 'be right more than you are wrong'. Even the means are not always the same, though, because we do not always have equal freedom to affect both sides of the comparison.

that we have an idea of free will --> that we have free will
(the ignorance-of-causes position, depsite its problems accounting for phenomena, keeps recurring in part to block this natural inference)

human rights --> civil rights --> courtesy rights (i.e., aspects of civil rights extended to non-citizens)

price as a causal structure including anticipatory links
proposing a price // causal inquiry

omnipotence as a notwithstanding power

Love celebrates in both bright times and dark times.

What gives life meaning is what death cannot nullify.

Even where local anti-realism makes sense for part of a domain, global anti-realism does not, because the local anti-realism, to be intelligible, requires a framework of facts about the viability, usefulness, and effectiveness of possible constructions. Every anti-realism presupposes some kind of realist framework, and one would have to have a principled reason for classifying the framework itself as being in an entirely different domain from that which it frames.

The Massabki Brothers

 Today is the feast of the Blessed Massabki Brothers in the Maronite calendar. The following is my brief note on them from 2016, very slightly revised.

*****


July 10 is the Feast of the Blessed Massabki Brothers, Abdel Mooti Massabki, Francis Massabki, and Raphael Massabki. They lived in Damascus during a time when tensions were very high in the Ottoman Empire. A great civil war broke out in the region of Mount Lebanon and Syria in 1860 between Maronites and their Druze governors. The fighting was fierce, and the Maronites at an inevitable disadvantage against Druze forces backed by Ottoman troops. In July 1860, the fighting came to Damascus, and the results were brutal as much of the relatively peaceful Christian population was slaughtered by Druze and Muslim paramilitary groups while the government looked the other way -- thousands of Christians died in the Damascus Massacre, perhaps as many as ten thousand, and the Christian quarter of the city was almost entirely destroyed. The massacre might well have been total had it not been for cases of Christians being saved by their Muslim neighbors, especially in poor areas around the city. Of note as well was the work of Abdelkader El Djezairi, an Algerian Sufi freedom fighter who was living in exile in Damascus at the time; having forewarning of the trouble, he and his fellow Algerians sheltered hundreds of Christians in his house as he sent his sons out into danger in order to bring Christians to safety. 

But there were many who had no such protection, and no recourse but to pray. The Massabki brothers, prominent Maronites in the city, were praying in a Franciscan church on July 9, 1860 and given the choice to die or convert to Islam. They were beatified in 1926 by Pius XI.


The Feast of the Three Blessed Massabki Maronite Martyrs

Let us praise Christ the Martyr;
He shed His blood for our sins
and crowns those who persevere.
Behold the Massabki saints!
Their crown is of purest gold.
Holy martyrs, pray for us! 

O brothers, You prayed in faith
and died in Christ, in His Church,
forgiving persecutors,
like the Lord upon His Cross.
Thus you are honored with Him!
Holy martyrs, pray for us! 

Jesus said, "Follow." You did.
You heard the call of heaven
and for love of Christ endured.
Trusting in Christ's great mercy,
You won crowns of victory.
Holy martyrs, pray for us!

Thursday, July 09, 2026

The Principal Thing

 To be a person of taste, it seems necessary, that one have, first, a lively and correct imagination; secondly, the power of distinct apprehension; thirdly, the capacity of being easily, strongly, and agreeably affected, with sublimity, beauty, harmony, exact imitation, &c.; fourthly, Sympathy, or Sensibility of heart; and, fifthly, Judgment, or Good Sense, which is the principal thing, and may not very improperly be said to comprehend all the rest. 

 James Beattie, Of Imagination, Chapter IV.